The adjective (прикме́тник) is a word that describes a noun. It answers the question: Яки́й? / Чий? (which? / what? / what kind? whose?)

Ukrainian adjectives agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number, and case:

Си́ня ру́чка і си́ній оліве́ць. – a blue pen and a blue pencil
Си́ні ру́чки і си́ні олівці́. – blue pens and blue pencils
Я пишу си́ньою ручкою і си́нім олівцем. – I write with a blue pen and a blue pencil. (“ою” and “ім” – endings in the instrumental case)

Аdjectives can be divided into two groups depending on the consonant before the ending:

1. Hard group adjectives mostly end in “ий” in masculine nominative case.
2. Soft group adjectives mostly end in “ій” in masculine nominative case.

Hard group

Soft group

До́брий день! – Good afternoon (Lit. good day)
Ending “ий” is used here because “день” is masculine noun in nominative case.

Це моя́ но́ва маши́на. – It is my new car.
Це мій но́вий но́мер телефо́ну. – It is my new phone number.
Я купи́в нову́ кни́гу. – I’ve bought a new book. (add “у” in accusative case)