Interrogative and relative pronouns are important parts of speech in Ukrainian language. Interrogative pronouns are used to make questions. The relative pronouns use the same words, but they function as a connection between independent and relative clauses.

Хто – who
Що – what
Яки́й – which
Котри́й – which (used less frequently)
Чий – whose
Скі́льки – how many

Хто він? – Who is he?
Він мій ба́тько. – He is my father.
Що він ро́бить? – What does he do?
Він малю́є карти́ну. – He paints a picture.
Він худо́жник? – Is he an artist?
Так, він худо́жник. – Yes, he’s an artist.

Хто вона́? – Who is she?
Вона́ вчи́телька. – She is a teacher.
Що вона́ ро́бить? – What does she do?
Вона́ навча́є у́чнів. – She teaches students.
Скі́льки у́чнів у її́ класі? – How many students are in her classroom?
У її́ класі два́дцять п’ять у́чнів. – There are 25 students in her class.

Котра́ годи́на? – What time is it?
Дев’я́та годи́на ра́нку. – 9 o’clock in the morning.
Скі́льки в нас ще залиши́лося ча́су? – How much time do we still have left?
Ще пів годи́ни. – Another half an hour.

Скі́льки ко́шту́є ця соро́чка? – How much does this shirt cost?
Котра́ соро́чка? – Which shirt?
Та що спра́ва від вас. – The one to the right of you.
Вісімсо́т гри́вень. – 800 hryvnias.

Чий це но́мер телефо́ну? – Whose phone number is it?
Це но́мер моє́ї сестри́. – This is my sister’s number.
Яки́й твій но́мер телефо́ну? – What is your phone number?
Мій но́мер телефо́ну … – My phone number is …

Some examples with relative pronouns:

Це буди́нок, що він побудува́в. – This is a house that he has built.
Хло́пець, яки́й одя́гнений в чо́рну соро́чку мій брат. – A guy dressed in a black shirt is my brother.
Ді́вчи́на, котра́ го́лосно розмовля́є його́ сестра́. – The girl who is speaking loudly is his sister.

These pronouns are used to connect the parts of a compound sentence.

Pronouns “що“, “який” and “котрий” are usually interchangeable when used as relative pronouns. The following three sentences have the same meaning:

Ді́вчи́на, що розмовля́є по телефо́ну. – A girl who is talking on the phone.
Ді́вчи́на, яка́ розмовля́є по телефо́ну. – A girl who is talking on the phone.
Ді́вчи́на, котра́ розмовля́є по телефо́ну. – A girl who is talking on the phone.

It is preferably to alternate between these pronouns to avoid monotony in complex sentences with several subordinate clauses:

Я зна́ю, що ді́вчи́на, яка́ розмовля́є по телефо́ну – офіціа́нтка. – I know that a girl who is talking on the phone is a waitress.

Declension of the Interrogative and Relative Pronouns

Pronouns “хто, що” decline as in the table below.

Pronouns “яки́й, котри́й” decline as adjectives from the hard group.

The pronoun чий (whose) is declined as given in the table below.

“Скі́льки“ (how many) declines the same way as numeral “два” (two). It changes according to cases only (no gender or number).