grammar
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Noun genders
All nouns in Ukrainian belong to one of the three genders, unless the word only has a plural form (e.g. двері - a door). The gender of a noun is crucial in forming sentences correctly and using the correct grammar rules. Most of the time you can determine the gender of a noun by its ending.
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|
| ends in consonant | ends in -а or -я | ends in -о or -е |
| він - he чолові́к - man хло́пець - boy студе́нт - student оліве́ць - pencil | вона́ - she жі́нка - woman ді́вчина - girl студе́нтка - student пі́сня - song | воно́ - it де́рево - tree мо́ре - sea мі́сто - town/city село́ - village |
Some exceptions:
| Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|
| Personal names Мико́ла Петро́ Gender specific nouns: Ба́тько - father | ма́ти - mother ніч - night Some abstract nouns ending in ь: тінь - shadow о́сінь - fall (season) | Some nouns ending in "я": життя́ - life ща́стя - happiness Baby animals: ягня́ - lamb, кошеня́ — kitten |
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